Cyber Security
Last Updated: August 2026
What you get on this page
Complete solutions for every textbook exercise in Reading I Parents and Reading II Cyber Security. Answers are in the answer key sections.
Grammar explanations on modals and articles with rule formulas, tables of forms, worked examples and traps.
Writing format guides for the apology email and the newspaper article. Every required part explained.
Practice questions in the SEE paper format. Answers not included.
Jump to what you need
Teacher's Insight
What the unit is really testing
Grammar I: Modals
Rules · formula · examples
Grammar II: Articles
Rules · formula · examples
Reading I Answers
Parents · full solutions
Reading II Answers
Cyber Security · full solutions
Writing I: Email
Answer
Writing II: Article
Answer
Practice Questions
SEE format · answers not included
Complete solutions for Class 10 English Unit 7 Cyber Security. This page covers Reading I Parents and Reading II Cyber Security with all textbook exercises, grammar on modals and articles and writing tasks for SEE 2083.
What this unit is really testing
Unit 7 pairs two texts that make the same argument from opposite sides. Parents shows what happens when someone lies about who they are online. Cyber Security shows the reader how to prevent that situation. The SEE paper uses paired texts like these to check whether a student can move between a story and an instructional article in the same unit.
The key moment in Parents is not the lie. It is the silence between the two families. The father fears a fake girl. The mother fears a strange man. Neither speaks to the other and the meeting fails. Any question about theme, character or inference in this unit comes back to this point.
Exam weight of this unit. Articles and modals together carry eleven marks in the Grammar section. Unit 7 is one of the highest-yield grammar units in the textbook.
Where this unit's content types appear in the SEE paper
Reading 1 (5 marks). A short extract from the textbook with one comprehension question type. Length about 100 words.
Reading 2 (10 marks). A short extract from the textbook with two comprehension question types. Length about 200 words.
Reading 3 (10 marks) and Reading 4 (15 marks). Unseen passages of the same text types. Reading 4 includes vocabulary items.
Grammar (11 marks). Articles and modals appear in the transformation section and in the multiple choice in context section.
Writing. The apology email and the newspaper article both belong to Free Writing II (8 marks each, about 200 words).
What to remember from this unit
Reading I in one sentence. A thirteen year old girl lied about being a boy online and her sixty year old father's appearance made the other family drive away before anyone could say hello.
Memory device for Reading I. Two cars. Two fears. One truth.
Memory device for Reading II. Passwords, offline safety, devices, updates, wifi, two-factor, privacy, backup.
Errors seen in real SEE scripts
- obsessed and overprotective. Obsessed describes a mental fixation. Overprotective describes a pattern of behaviour. Question (b) in Reading I tests the difference.
- Chronological order in Reading I, Part B. The correct sequence starts with the Facebook chat, not the car ride.
- a ewe and a one-dimensional. Both start with a vowel letter but a consonant sound. The correct article is a, not an.
- the Netherlands, Everest and the Nile. Countries with plural names take the. Mountain peaks take no article. Rivers take the.
- Newspaper article in Writing II. Needs a headline, lead sentence, short paragraphs and a closing line.
- Apology email in Writing I. The format is To, From, Subject, Salutation, Body, Sign-off and Name.
Grammar I: Modals
Modals are helping verbs. They sit before the main verb and change the strength of what the speaker is saying. Three modals matter in this unit. Each one carries a different level of force. The exam tests whether you can identify the level and choose the correct modal for the meaning.
Rule formula
Subject + modal + base verb + object.
Example: You + should + raise + your voice.
Table of forms
| Modal | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| should | Advice. A soft suggestion | You should rest. |
| should not | Advice against something | You should not lie. |
| ought to | Moral obligation. A duty | You ought to help elders. |
| ought not to | Moral duty against something | You ought not to cheat. |
| must | Compulsion. A rule with no choice | You must wear a seatbelt. |
| must not | Prohibition. A rule against something | You must not smoke here. |
How to solve Part A
Part A asks you to classify each sentence as advice, moral obligation or compulsion. Read the sentence and ask what the speaker is doing.
- If the sentence can be refused without breaking a rule, it is advice.
- If the sentence describes a duty toward others, it is moral obligation.
- If the sentence describes a rule that removes choice, it is compulsion.
Example from this unit. You should raise your voice against discrimination is advice. You must abide by the traffic rules is compulsion. You ought to be fair in your judgment is moral obligation.
How to solve Part B
Use the meaning first, then check for negatives.
- Use should when the sentence gives advice or a suggestion.
- Use ought to when the sentence states a duty.
- Use must when the sentence states a rule or compulsion.
- Use must not to forbid. Use should not to advise against. Use ought not to for moral duty against something.
Worked example
Suppose the sentence is "Every child ___ take good care of their aging parents." The meaning is a duty that removes choice. The subject is every child, a general rule. The correct modal is must.
Suppose the sentence is "You look ill. You ___ see a doctor." The meaning is a suggestion that can be refused. The correct modal is should.
Common traps
- Do not put to after should or must. Only ought takes to. Ought to go, not should to go.
- Do not use do not with ought. The negative is ought not to.
- Do not confuse must not with need not. Must not means forbidden. Need not means not necessary.
- Do not change the tense of the sentence. The modal is the only change required.
Grammar II: Articles
An article sits before a noun and tells the reader whether the noun is general or specific. English has three articles and one case with no article at all. The exam tests whether you can hear the sound of the next word, not just see the letter. Articles appear in the multiple choice in context section almost every year.
Rule formula
Article + adjective + noun.
Example: an + honest + officer.
Table of forms
| Article | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| a | Before a singular countable noun that begins with a consonant sound | a book, a university, a ewe |
| an | Before a singular countable noun that begins with a vowel sound | an apple, an hour, an honest man |
| the | When the noun is specific and already known | the window, the Nile, the Himalayas |
| no article | Before uncountable nouns, abstract nouns, proper nouns, mountain peaks, meals, games | water, honesty, Everest, breakfast, badminton |
The sound test
The choice between a and an depends on sound, not on the letter. Say the word aloud. If the first sound is a vowel sound, use an. If the first sound is a consonant sound, use a.
- a ewe. The letter is a vowel but the sound is yoo. Use a.
- a one rupee coin. The letter is a vowel but the sound is wun. Use a.
- a European. The letter is a vowel but the sound is yoo. Use a.
- an hour. The letter is a consonant but the sound is our. Use an.
- an honest man. The letter is a consonant but the sound is onest. Use an.
Worked example
Suppose the sentence is "He is ___ honest officer." The next word is honest. The letter h is a consonant but the sound is onest. A vowel sound. The correct article is an.
Suppose the sentence is "This is ___ biggest fish I have ever caught." The word biggest is a superlative. Superlatives always take the. The correct article is the.
Fixed patterns
- Rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges and groups of islands take the. The Nile, the Himalayas, the Netherlands.
- Mountain peaks, most countries, cities, streets and lakes take no article. Everest, Nepal, Kathmandu, New Road.
- Meals, games and languages take no article. Breakfast, badminton, English.
- Unique things take the. The sun, the moon, the president, the sky.
Common traps
- Do not choose an only because the next word starts with a vowel letter. Choose by sound.
- Do not use the before plural nouns when speaking generally. Say books are useful, not the books are useful.
- Do not use the before abstract nouns. Say honesty is important, not the honesty is important.
Apology Email
Slot. Free Writing II. Marks. 8. Length. About 200 words.
To. The recipient's email address. Goes on the first line.
From. Your email address. Goes on the second line.
Subject. A short line that says what the email is about. Written in a few words. Example: Apology for not attending the wedding.
Salutation. The greeting. Uses Dear followed by the name. Example: Dear Sambridhi,
Body. The main message. Opens with the apology. Explains the reason. Offers a closing line. Broken into two or three short paragraphs.
Sign-off. The closing phrase. Example: Yours sincerely,
Name. Your name at the end.
Common mistake. Forgetting the subject line or the sign-off. Both carry marks.
Newspaper Article
Slot. Free Writing II. Marks. 8. Length. About 200 words.
Headline. A short title that names the topic. Written in capital letters or title case. Example: Internet and Cyber Security.
Lead sentence. The first sentence of the article. Answers who, what and when. Sets the tone for the rest.
Body paragraphs. Three to four short paragraphs. Each one carries one idea. Short sentences. Facts and examples.
Closing line. A short concluding sentence. States the takeaway or a recommendation.
Byline. Optional. Writer's name at the top or bottom.
Common mistake. Writing it as an essay. A newspaper article is not a school essay. Short paragraphs. Direct language. No flowery phrases.
Reading I: Parents
The story Parents is about a thirteen year old girl named Anuja who wants to meet her new Facebook friend. Her father insists on going with her. On the way she reveals that she chatted with the girl pretending to be a boy. At the meeting place no girl appears. The next day Dhurva reveals that the girl's mother saw an old man lurking around and drove away. The father stammered when he realised what had happened.
Glossary
Q. no. A
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | lurking |
| b. | obsessed |
| c. | window shopping |
| d. | stamp |
| e. | ridiculous |
| f. | outfit |
| g. | swerve |
| h. | munching |
| i. | leer |
| j. | stammer |
Q. no. B
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. | She told her father about her new e-friend. |
| 2. | Anuja told father that she wanted to see her new friend. |
| 3. | He observed that Anuja was looking like a boy in her new dress. |
| 4. | She revealed her secret e-identity with her father. |
| 5. | Her father accompanied her to meet the friend. |
| 6. | They saw a car on the other side of the road. |
| 7. | They waited for Anuja's friend for ten minutes. |
| 8. | Anuja's father shared the incident with his friend. |
Q. no. C
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | Anuja was unwilling to take her father along because she thought he was overprotective and she felt ashamed of his appearance. |
| b. | She criticises her father by calling him obsessed, ridiculous, impossible and overprotective. |
| c. | Anuja's e-friend was a twelve year old girl whom Anuja was very fond of. |
| d. | He proposed that he would drop her at the meeting place and wait in the car. |
| e. | For her father the shocking news was that Anuja had chatted with the girl pretending to be a boy. |
| f. | They returned because no girl appeared after waiting for ten minutes. |
| g. | Dhurva laughed because the girl's mother had seen Anuja's father and thought he was a lecherous old man with an evil leer. |
| h. | She saw him as a lecherous old man. She did not talk to him because she got scared and drove away. |
Q. no. D
Faking identities and bullying others on social media can lead to serious consequences. Innocent individuals can be deceived and put in dangerous situations. Cyberbullying can cause emotional distress, anxiety and depression. It can damage a person's reputation and lead to social isolation. Faking identities can also lead to legal consequences as it may be considered fraud.
Grammar I: Answer Key
Q. no. A
| Q.no. | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| a. | Advice | advice can be refused without breaking a rule |
| b. | Compulsion | the law removes choice |
| c. | Moral obligation | fairness is a duty |
Q. no. B
| Q.no. | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| a. | must | a rule, no choice |
| b. | should | a soft suggestion |
| c. | must | required by law |
| d. | should | advice |
| e. | must not | prohibition |
| f. | should | advice |
| g. | should | advice |
| h. | should not | advice against something |
| i. | ought to | moral duty |
| j. | should | advice |
Writing I: Answer Key
Niti
Reading II: Cyber Security
Modern life is fundamentally intertwined with the internet. The more accounts and devices we have the greater the potential is for criminals to access our personal information. We should use complicated passwords and store them in an encrypted file. We must protect personal information offline. We should shield the PIN pad and learn to spot a credit card skimmer. Enabling two factor authentication prevents hackers from accessing our accounts. We should not reveal personal details online and should accept friend requests only from familiar people.
Glossary
Q. no. A
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | possession → something that you own or have with you |
| b. | intertwined → closely connected with somebody or something |
| c. | integration → the act of combining two or more things together |
| d. | avoid → to prevent something bad from happening |
| e. | sensitive → quick to detect or respond to slight changes |
| f. | proliferated → increased rapidly in number or amount |
| g. | shielding → protecting something from danger or harm |
| h. | promptly → without any delay |
| i. | authentication → the act of proving that something is real or true |
| j. | transaction → an act of buying or selling |
Q. no. B
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | False |
| b. | False |
| c. | True |
| d. | False |
| e. | False |
| f. | False |
Q. no. C
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | H |
| b. | G |
| c. | F |
| d. | C |
| e. | E |
| f. | D |
| g. | H |
| h. | A |
Q. no. D
| Q.no. | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. | We protect our physical property by locking doors, using bike locks and keeping valuable possessions in a safe. |
| b. | We should not share passwords, avoid writing them down and store them in an encrypted file. |
| c. | Shielding the PIN pad and using a chip debit card instead of a magnetic strip card. |
| d. | By enabling two factor authentication which adds an extra layer of security. |
| e. | People we meet online may not be who they claim to be and could be dangerous. |
| g. | We should back up important personal information on external hard drives and create new backups regularly. |
Grammar II: Answer Key
Q. no. A
| Q.no. | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| a. | a | singular countable, consonant sound |
| b. | an | vowel sound |
| c. | a | exclamation |
| d. | an | vowel sound in hour |
| e. | an | vowel sound |
| f. | a | ewe begins with consonant sound yoo |
| g. | a | one begins with consonant sound wun |
| h. | an | vowel sound |
Q. no. B
| Q.no. | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| a. | the | specific window |
| b. | the | specific book |
| c. | the | specific floor |
| d. | the | musical instrument |
| e. | a / the | first mention, then specific |
| g. | The | unique office |
| h. | a | one of many Europeans |
| i. | the | superlative |
| j. | a | one of many |
Q. no. C
| Q.no. | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| a. | the | specific school |
| b. | X | home takes no article with motion verb |
| c. | The | countries with plural names |
| d. | X | mountain peaks |
| e. | The | rivers |
| f. | X | streets |
| g. | X | proper noun |
| h. | X | meals |
| i. | the | the blind as a group |
| j. | X | games |
Writing II: Answer Key
Internet and Cyber Security
The internet has become an inseparable part of modern life. It is fundamentally intertwined with nearly every daily task we perform. Almost everyone owns multiple devices and the more accounts we have online the greater the potential is for criminals to access our personal information.
The internet has made our lives easier. We can connect with friends access information instantly and conduct financial transactions online. However the internet also has its dark side. People fake their identities online to deceive others. Hackers try to steal sensitive information and certain vulnerable groups like children face particular concerns.
Protecting our data privacy is essential. We must use strong passwords and enable two factor authentication. We should avoid unsecured public wifi and surf only through secure websites. We should shield the PIN pad when making purchases and back up important data regularly.
In conclusion the internet is a powerful tool but comes with risks. By following basic safety tips we can enjoy its benefits while keeping our personal information secure.
Questions beyond the textbook exercises
These questions follow the SEE paper format. All content is drawn from Unit 7 only. Answers are not provided.
True or False
- Anuja told her father the truth about her online identity before they left home.
- The father agreed to stay in the car if a girl of twelve was waiting at the meeting place.
- Dhurva knew the girl's family personally.
- The girl's mother drove away because she feared the man she saw was stalking her daughter.
- The father refused to go with Anuja when she first asked him.
Fill in the Gaps
- The car __________ a little when the father heard that his daughter had pretended to be a boy.
- Anuja felt ashamed of going out with her father because he was old bald and had a big __________.
- The mother described the father as a __________ old man with an evil leer.
- The father __________ when he realized what the girl's mother had thought of him.
- The cows on the playground were __________ dried hay while the father waited.
Short Answer
- Why did the girl's mother not step out of her car to ask the father who he was?
- Is the father's concern for Anuja justified or is he as she says obsessed? Give one reason.
- What does the ending reveal about how fear shapes what people see?
Grammar: Articles
- She studies at ___ university in Kathmandu.
- ___ Everest is visible from my village on clear days.
- He is ___ honest officer.
- I met ___ European tourist at ___ New Road.
- ___ Himalayas protect Nepal from the cold northern winds.
Grammar: Modals
- It is your moral duty to help your neighbours. (ought to)
- You are not allowed to smoke here. It is the law. (must not)
- My advice is to exercise every day. (should)
- It is compulsory for students to wear uniforms. (must)
- You are advised not to trust unsecured public wifi. (should not)