Unit 5 · Science and Experiment
Science and Experiment
Class 10 English Unit 5 Science and Experiment complete exercise solutions with Reading I Yes You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature answer questions, Reading II The Voice of the Rain explanation and grammar answers for SEE 2083 exam preparation. This unit covers vocabulary exercises, fill in the blanks, comprehension questions, conditional sentences, if clauses, verb forms, letter writing and stepwise instructions. All solutions follow the CDC textbook pattern.
📑 Table of Contents
Reading I: Yes, You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature
A. Find the words from the text that have the following meanings.
a. the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level → altitude
b. a group of atoms bonded together → molecule
c. a state in which opposing forces are balanced → equilibrium
d. to change from a gas or vapour to a liquid → condense
e. a piece of unreliable information that is repeated so often that it is accepted as the fact → factoid
f. a space or container from which the air has been removed → vacuum
g. a device that is used to remove blockages from the drain of a basin or tub → plunger
B. Complete the sentences with the correct words or phrases from the text.
a.Water bubbles breakdown if vapour pressure inside and outside the bubbles is equal.
b.As the altitude goes up, the boiling point of water decreases.
c.Random motion of molecules or particles is called thermal motion.
d.If the door does not open, try jiggling the key in the lock.
e.Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.
C. Answer these questions.
a.What is the speed of the water particles compared with?
Answer: The speed of the water particles is compared with the height of a group of adult humans.
b.How are bubbles formed in the boiling water?
Answer: Bubbles are formed in boiling water when water molecules have enough energy to push back other water molecules in the liquid phase to form a bubble.
c.Mention two things on which external pressure depends.
Answer: External pressure depends on the depth of water and the density of water.
d.How is the atmosphere related to the pressure of water?
Answer: The atmosphere is related to the pressure of water as it contributes to the total pressure on the surface of the liquid. The atmosphere pushes down on the surface of the liquid to increase the pressure in the liquid. So the pressure of water is affected by both the atmospheric pressure and the pressure exerted by the water itself.
e.What would happen if the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased?
Answer: If the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased, it would also decrease the pressure in the liquid. If the pressure is reduced enough to bring it down to the same level as the vapour pressure, the water particles will have enough energy to form boiling bubbles without needing to increase the temperature.
f.What would the experimenter gain if s/he pulled the plunger out?
Answer: If the experimenter pulled the plunger out, it would decrease the pressure in the liquid and induce boiling.
D. What would happen on the Earth if there were no gravity?
Answer: If there were no gravity on Earth, things that were previously held down by gravity would float away into space. It is safe to say that life as we know it would not be possible without the force of gravity at work. We cannot imagine life as we know it without gravity. In essence, life as we know it would be impossible without gravity. We would not be able to live what we know today without the force of gravity and that is essentially what makes life possible. The force of gravity plays an essential role in life as we know it and without it all life as we know it would be impossible. Without gravity, life as we know it would be impossible and that has been proven time and again.
Grammar I
A. Match the clauses in column A with their appropriate continuation in column B.
a. If you go to Taplejung → you can see the Pathibhara temple.
b. You will get well soon → if you follow the doctor's advice.
c. The horse won't kick you → unless you go behind it.
d. If I were you → I would see a doctor.
e. What happens → if you heat water?
f. I would miss the bus → if I did not reach the bus stop on time.
g. Provided that they discussed properly → they won't have any misunderstanding.
h. As long as they communicate well → the problem might be solved.
B. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of verbs in brackets.
a.If it is cold, I will wear a coat.
b.If Purna helps with the housework, his mother will have more time for him.
c.If I were a bird, I would make a good observation of the land below.
d.If I went to Mustang, I would visit Muktinath.
e.If I were a billionaire, I would buy a castle.
f.You'd save petrol if you drove more carefully.
g.Say 'hello' if you see her.
h.Provided that you consent, I will take a few days' leave next week.
i.Take care of the pence, the pounds will take care of themselves.
Writing I
Write stepwise instructions to draw a jellyfish as given below.
How to Draw a Jellyfish: Step-by-step instructions:
Begin by drawing two small circles side by side touching each other. These will be the eyes of the jellyfish. Draw a tiny curved line just below where the two circles meet to make a smiling mouth. Now draw a dome shaped hood above the eyes and mouth. The top should be a smooth curve and the bottom edge should be wavy and scalloped. Add small black dots inside the two eye circles to make the pupils looking slightly upward. Extend two wavy curved tentacles downwards from the bottom left edge of the hood. Each tentacle should end in a small circular tip. Add two more wavy tentacles extending downwards from the bottom right edge of the hood to match the left side. You can add more semi-straight lines on the hood to give it a creaky appearance. Now use your creativity to add colour. Use light blue above the jellyfish and darker blue below to create a water like effect. Finally, add small bubbles and tiny fish around the jellyfish to complete the underwater scene.
Begin by drawing two small circles side by side touching each other. These will be the eyes of the jellyfish. Draw a tiny curved line just below where the two circles meet to make a smiling mouth. Now draw a dome shaped hood above the eyes and mouth. The top should be a smooth curve and the bottom edge should be wavy and scalloped. Add small black dots inside the two eye circles to make the pupils looking slightly upward. Extend two wavy curved tentacles downwards from the bottom left edge of the hood. Each tentacle should end in a small circular tip. Add two more wavy tentacles extending downwards from the bottom right edge of the hood to match the left side. You can add more semi-straight lines on the hood to give it a creaky appearance. Now use your creativity to add colour. Use light blue above the jellyfish and darker blue below to create a water like effect. Finally, add small bubbles and tiny fish around the jellyfish to complete the underwater scene.
Reading II: The Voice of the Rain
A. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.
a. eternal → never-ending
b. impalpable → not easily understood
c. vaguely → unclearly
d. descend → come down
e. lave → to pour out as water
f. atomies → indivisible particles
g. reck → take care of
B. Fill in the blanks choosing the words given below. [impalpable, recks, globe, drought, beautify, latent]
a.The river ran dry during the drought.
b.It is still impalpable to understand how the earth originated.
c.The company produces a wide variety of make up and skin care products designed to gently and effectively beautify human skin.
d.His greatest ambition is to sail around the globe.
e.Without training, his musical talent remained latent.
f.What recks it whether they win or lose?
C. Complete the summary of the poem using suitable words or phrases given below. [quenches, rhythm, mysterious, heal, atomies, condensation, ascends, showers, originality]
Answer: The poem is a conversation between the poet and the rain. When the poet asks the identity of the drizzle, she replies that she is the poem of the Earth. The rain expresses that it gives happiness to mother Earth.
The rain is a perpetual process which has different forms at different times. It rises from the land as water vapour and ascends high up to the sky. It takes the form of clouds. Though it changes its form or shape, its originality remains unchanged. It shows that nature is not fully understood. Some parts of it always remain mysterious.
The raindrops pour down from above to wash away atomies and dust layers. It quenches the thirst of the dry Earth and heals everything that is becoming lifeless. In other words, the showers make the Earth pure and beautiful.
Finally, the poet observes that the life of rain is similar to that of a song. A song also has a power to calm, heal, transform and thrill. In the same way, repeated evaporation and condensation purifies the rain. It beautifies the whole earth as a rhythm does to a poem or a music.
The rain is a perpetual process which has different forms at different times. It rises from the land as water vapour and ascends high up to the sky. It takes the form of clouds. Though it changes its form or shape, its originality remains unchanged. It shows that nature is not fully understood. Some parts of it always remain mysterious.
The raindrops pour down from above to wash away atomies and dust layers. It quenches the thirst of the dry Earth and heals everything that is becoming lifeless. In other words, the showers make the Earth pure and beautiful.
Finally, the poet observes that the life of rain is similar to that of a song. A song also has a power to calm, heal, transform and thrill. In the same way, repeated evaporation and condensation purifies the rain. It beautifies the whole earth as a rhythm does to a poem or a music.
D. Answer the following questions.
a.What are the two voices in the poem? Who do they belong to?
Answer: The two voices in the poem are the voice of the poet and the voice of the rain. The voice of the poet belongs to Walt Whitman and the voice of the rain belongs to the shower itself.
b.How is the cyclic movement of the rain shown in the poem?
Answer: The cyclic movement of the rain is shown as it rises impalpable out of the land and the bottomless sea, goes upward to heaven, changes form and then descends to lave the droughts and dust-layers of the globe.
c.Why are the showers necessary for the Earth?
Answer: The showers are necessary for the Earth because they lave the droughts, wash away atomies and dust-layers and give back life to their own origin. Without rain, seeds would remain only latent and unborn.
d.How are the rain and music similar?
Answer: The rain and music are similar because just like a song issues from its birth-place, wanders and returns with love, the rain also rises from the earth, wanders in the sky and returns to beautify and purify its origin.
e.How are the clouds formed?
Answer: The clouds are formed when water vapour rises from the land and the sea, goes upward to heaven and becomes vaguely formed and altogether changed.
f.List the pairs of opposite words in the poem.
Answer: The pairs of opposite words in the poem are: rise-descend, day-night and latent-unborn.
E. What may happen on the Earth if it does not rain for a long time? Discuss in a group.
Answer: If there is an extended period without rainfall, several serious consequences can occur on Earth. Drought can result, causing significant impacts on agriculture and leading to food shortages and water scarcity affecting both humans and animals. Dry vegetation becomes highly vulnerable to fires, increasing the frequency and intensity of wildfires that pose risks to ecosystems, habitats and human settlements. Without rainfall, soil can dry out and become more prone to erosion, which has detrimental effects on agriculture and natural habitats. The absence of rain can contribute to rising temperatures, triggering heat waves that negatively affect human health, wildlife and ecosystem balance. Reduced or no rainfall can lead to the depletion of water sources such as lakes, rivers and groundwater, posing significant challenges for communities. In summary, a prolonged absence of rainfall can result in severe and long-lasting consequences for the environment and human societies, affecting agriculture, water resources, ecosystems and overall well-being.
Grammar II
A. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of verbs in brackets.
a.If Gaurab were the captain, the team would play better.
b.I would have called you had I known you were in Nepal.
c.If he had not come to Nepal, he would not have seen Mt. Everest.
d.Had you arrived a bit earlier, you could have seen Manashi.
e.We could slow down global warming if we reduced energy consumption.
f.If he were to see me, he would know me at once.
g.Were Rijisa in the USA, she would be working for a company.
h.How would you feel if someone asked you for an autograph?
i.What would you have done if Keshab had proposed you for marriage?
j.If I had a life jacket, I could certainly swim across the river.
B. Complete the following sentences with appropriate clauses.
a.If you don't leave soon, you will miss the bus.
b.If it rains in winter, the temperature drops further.
c.You will be safe as long as you tell the truth.
d.A country cannot develop unless its citizens are educated.
e.What will you do if they insult you?
Writing II
A. Study the following letter to the editor of a national daily complaining about the shortage of water in Kathmandu.
Koteshwor, Kathmandu
19 May 2022
The Editor,
The Rising Nepal
Dharmapath, Kathmandu
Dear Sir,
Through this letter, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the pressing problem of water scarcity in our locality. The residents have been facing water scarcity for a long time. If this goes on unchecked, people are likely to fight with each other for some trickles of water.
The water tank cannot hold enough water to cater for the needs of the residents. Despite this situation, the residents are not conserving water. Most of them are wasting water while bathing, washing clothes and utensils and gardening.
In this context, I have some suggestions to offer to solve the problem immediately. I request you to call a general meeting of the residents to discuss the issue. It would be much better if we may take the help of local cable TV and community radio to spread the message of conserving water among the residents of our locality.
The residents should be sensitized to conserve water while bathing, cooking, washing clothes and utensils. If we organize a door to door campaign, it is sure to make the residents aware of the need for conserving water.
Water conservation experts may be invited to make us aware of various methods and technologies available to conserve water. We should encourage the practice of reusing water among the residents. Had we gone for rain water harvesting techniques only, it would certainly have lessened the crisis to some extent.
Finally, I hope that some immediate steps will be taken to address the issue.
Thanking You
Yours truly,
Rujuna Manandhar
19 May 2022
The Editor,
The Rising Nepal
Dharmapath, Kathmandu
Dear Sir,
Through this letter, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the pressing problem of water scarcity in our locality. The residents have been facing water scarcity for a long time. If this goes on unchecked, people are likely to fight with each other for some trickles of water.
The water tank cannot hold enough water to cater for the needs of the residents. Despite this situation, the residents are not conserving water. Most of them are wasting water while bathing, washing clothes and utensils and gardening.
In this context, I have some suggestions to offer to solve the problem immediately. I request you to call a general meeting of the residents to discuss the issue. It would be much better if we may take the help of local cable TV and community radio to spread the message of conserving water among the residents of our locality.
The residents should be sensitized to conserve water while bathing, cooking, washing clothes and utensils. If we organize a door to door campaign, it is sure to make the residents aware of the need for conserving water.
Water conservation experts may be invited to make us aware of various methods and technologies available to conserve water. We should encourage the practice of reusing water among the residents. Had we gone for rain water harvesting techniques only, it would certainly have lessened the crisis to some extent.
Finally, I hope that some immediate steps will be taken to address the issue.
Thanking You
Yours truly,
Rujuna Manandhar
B. Write a letter of complaint to the concerned authority about the unmanaged garbage in your locality. Mention the hazards of unmanaged garbage to public health and suggest some measures to solve the problem.
New Baneshwor, Kathmandu
2083/02/12
The Mayor,
Kathmandu Metropolitan City,
Ward No. 10, Kathmandu
Subject: Complaint about unmanaged garbage in our locality
Dear Mr. Sher Malla,
Through this letter, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the pressing problem of unmanaged garbage in our locality. The residents have been facing this problem for a long time. If this goes on unchecked, people are likely to suffer from various diseases caused by the rotting waste. The garbage in our area is not being collected regularly. The streets have become littered with trash creating an eyesore and a breeding ground for flies, mosquitoes and rats. These pests spread serious diseases like cholera, typhoid and diarrhoea. The foul smell makes it very difficult for residents to live comfortably.
In this context, I have some suggestions to offer to solve the problem immediately. I request you to call a general meeting of the residents to discuss the issue. It would be much better if we may take the help of local cable TV and community radio to spread the message of proper waste management among the residents of our locality. The residents should be sensitized to segregate waste at home into biodegradable and non biodegradable bins. If we organize a door to door campaign, it is sure to make the residents aware of the need for keeping the locality clean.
Waste management experts may be invited to make us aware of various methods and technologies available to manage garbage. We should encourage the practice of composting kitchen waste and reusing materials among the residents. Had we gone for proper recycling techniques only, it would certainly have lessened the crisis to some extent.
Finally, I hope that some immediate steps will be taken to address the issue.
Thanking You
Yours sincerely,
Saurav Paudel
2083/02/12
The Mayor,
Kathmandu Metropolitan City,
Ward No. 10, Kathmandu
Subject: Complaint about unmanaged garbage in our locality
Dear Mr. Sher Malla,
Through this letter, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the pressing problem of unmanaged garbage in our locality. The residents have been facing this problem for a long time. If this goes on unchecked, people are likely to suffer from various diseases caused by the rotting waste. The garbage in our area is not being collected regularly. The streets have become littered with trash creating an eyesore and a breeding ground for flies, mosquitoes and rats. These pests spread serious diseases like cholera, typhoid and diarrhoea. The foul smell makes it very difficult for residents to live comfortably.
In this context, I have some suggestions to offer to solve the problem immediately. I request you to call a general meeting of the residents to discuss the issue. It would be much better if we may take the help of local cable TV and community radio to spread the message of proper waste management among the residents of our locality. The residents should be sensitized to segregate waste at home into biodegradable and non biodegradable bins. If we organize a door to door campaign, it is sure to make the residents aware of the need for keeping the locality clean.
Waste management experts may be invited to make us aware of various methods and technologies available to manage garbage. We should encourage the practice of composting kitchen waste and reusing materials among the residents. Had we gone for proper recycling techniques only, it would certainly have lessened the crisis to some extent.
Finally, I hope that some immediate steps will be taken to address the issue.
Thanking You
Yours sincerely,
Saurav Paudel